Friday, February 16, 2018

ISOTRETINOIN -Pharmacology

PHARMACOLOGY OF ISOTRETINOIN 

MECHANISM OF ACTION
Isotretinoin reduces the production of sebum and shrinks the sebaceous glands. It stabilizes keratinisation and prevents comedones from forming. It also reduces inflammation in moderate-severe inflammatory acne. It alters DNA transcription.

USES
It is used to prevent severe nodular acne, harlequin-type icthyosis, and skin cancer.

SIDE EFFECTS
1. Epistaxis
2. Hypertriglyceridemia
3. Xerosis
4. Cheilitis
5. Increased liver enzymes
6. Decrease hdl cholesterol
7. Dry nose
8. Xeroderma
9. Xerostomia
10. Increased serum cholesterol

DRUG DRUG INTERACTION
1. Isotrtinoin+ alcohol = unpleasant side effects such as fast heartbeats, warmth, redness under skin.
2. Isotretinoin + tetracycline = increase pressure in brain leads to permanent vision loss

Reference- Tripathi KD "Essential of medical pharmacology" 7th edition, page no- 89,894,895,911

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