ISOPRENALINE - ADRENERGIC DRUG CARDIAC STIMULANT its side effects and drug drug interactions

DESCRIPTION

PHARMACOLOGY-

Isoproterenol is a relatively selective beta2-adrenergic bronchodilator. Isoproterenol is indicated for the relief of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The pharmacologic effects of beta adrenergic agonist drugs, including Isoproterenol, are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic- 3',5'- adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP). Increased c-AMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.

MECHANISM OF ACTION-

The pharmacologic effects of isoproterenol are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta-adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic AMP. Increased cyclic AMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.

SIDE EFFECTS-

Tachycardia,Hypertension,Dysrhythmias,Angina,MI size increased,Syncope,Confusion,Headache,Tremor.

DRUG DRUG INTERACTION-

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Celiprolol.

Isoprenaline may increase the hypokalemic activities of Chlorothiazide.

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Chlorphentermine.

Isoprenaline may increase the hypokalemic activities of Chlorthalidone.

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Clenbuterol.

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Clomipramine is combined with Isoprenaline.

The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyclobenzaprine is combined with Isoprenalin.

USES-

Its primary use is for bradycardia or heart block. By activating ß1 adrenergic receptor in the heart, it induces positive chronotropic, dromotropic, and inotropic effects.

It can be used as an inhaled aerosol to treat asthma, although this is currently a rare treatment. Although it activates all beta adrenergic receptors, it works in a similar fashion to selective ß2 adrenergic agonists, e.g. salbutamol, by relaxing the airways to increase airflow.

Used with caution, it can also be used to treat torsades de pointes by acquired defect, in conjunction with overdrive pacing and magnesium sulfate.

REFERENCE:

Tripathi K.D,"Essentials of medical pharmacology",7th edition,page no.129