INTRODUCTION
Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of naloxone. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION
Used as an adjunct to a medically supervised behaviour modification program in the maintenance of opiate cessation in individuals who were formerly physically dependent on opiates and who have successfully undergone detoxification. Also used for the management of alcohol dependence in conjunction with a behavioural modification program. Naltrexone, a pure opioid antagonist, is a synthetic congener of oxymorphone with no opioid agonist properties. Naltrexone is indicated in the treatment of alcohol dependence and for the blockade of the effects of exogenously administered opioids. It markedly attenuates or completely blocks, reversibly, the subjective effects of intravenously administered opioids. When co-administered with morphine, on a chronic basis, naltrexone blocks the physical dependence to morphine, heroin and other opioids. In subjects physically dependent on opioids, naltrexone will precipitate withdrawal symptomatology.
USES
Used in treatment of alcoholism.
SIDE EFFECT
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramping.
DRUG DRUG INTERACTION
Fentanyl + Naltrexone = the therapeutic efficacy of fentanyl can be decreased.
Hydrocodone + Naltrexone = the therapeutic efficacy of hydrocodone can be decreased. Morphine + Naltrexone = the therapeutic efficacy of morphine can be decreased.
REFERENCE
Tripathi K.D,"Essentials of medical pharmacology",7th edition,page no 393,479,480,483-484
Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of naloxone. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION
Used as an adjunct to a medically supervised behaviour modification program in the maintenance of opiate cessation in individuals who were formerly physically dependent on opiates and who have successfully undergone detoxification. Also used for the management of alcohol dependence in conjunction with a behavioural modification program. Naltrexone, a pure opioid antagonist, is a synthetic congener of oxymorphone with no opioid agonist properties. Naltrexone is indicated in the treatment of alcohol dependence and for the blockade of the effects of exogenously administered opioids. It markedly attenuates or completely blocks, reversibly, the subjective effects of intravenously administered opioids. When co-administered with morphine, on a chronic basis, naltrexone blocks the physical dependence to morphine, heroin and other opioids. In subjects physically dependent on opioids, naltrexone will precipitate withdrawal symptomatology.
USES
Used in treatment of alcoholism.
SIDE EFFECT
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramping.
DRUG DRUG INTERACTION
Fentanyl + Naltrexone = the therapeutic efficacy of fentanyl can be decreased.
Hydrocodone + Naltrexone = the therapeutic efficacy of hydrocodone can be decreased. Morphine + Naltrexone = the therapeutic efficacy of morphine can be decreased.
REFERENCE
Tripathi K.D,"Essentials of medical pharmacology",7th edition,page no 393,479,480,483-484
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