Drotaverine-anticholinergic drug and its pharmacology

DESCRIPTION:

 Drotaverine (INN, also known as drotaverin) is an antispasmodic drug, used to enhance   cervical dilation during childbirth. It is structurally related to papaverine, is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4, and has no anticholinergic effects.

PHARMACODYNAMICS:

 Drotaverine is a spasmolytic agent by inhibiting PDE4 in smooth muscle cells.

INDICATIONS: 

Drotaverine is primarily indicated in conditions like Biliary spasm, Cholangitis, Cholecystitis, Cholecytolithiasis, Cystitis, Nephrolithiasis, Papilitis, Smooth muscle spasm, Stoneformation, Ureterolithiasis, Urinary spasm, Urolithiasis, Vesical tenesmus.

PHARMACOKINETICS:

  Dosage:    Adult dose:

  20-80 mg (i.v./i.m.)

  120-240 (PO)

ADVERSE REACTIONS:

   1.Headache.

   2.Dizziness.

   3.Constipation and flushing.   

   4.Fall in B.P. can occur on i.v. injection.

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

 Contraindicated in patient with severe heart liver and kidney disease. It should not be given in pregnant women.

THERAPEUTIC USES:

 Antispasmodic, antisecretory.

REFERENCE:-Tripathi K D"Essential of medical pharmacology",7th edition ,page no-118.