Wednesday, February 14, 2018

Terbutaline-adrenergic drug and its pharmacology.


DESCRIPTION :
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as resorcinols. These are compounds containing a resorcinol moiety, which is a benzene ring bearing two hydroxyl groups at positions 1 .

  • CATEGORY
Sympathomimetics
Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists
Bronchodilator Agents
Tocolytic Agents
Respiratory System
Drugs for Obstructive Airway Diseases
Selective Beta-2-Adrenoreceptor Agonists
Adrenergics, Inhalants
Adrenergics for Systemic Use
Beta2 Agonists

PHARMACODYNAMICS :

Terbutaline is a relatively selective beta2-adrenergic bronchodilator that has little or no effect on alpha-adrenergic receptors. The drug has exerts a preferential effect on beta2-adrenergic receptors but stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors less selectively than relatively selective beta2-agonists. Terbutaline appears to have a greater stimulating effect on beta-receptors of the bronchial, vascular, and uterine smooth muscles (beta2 receptors) than on the beta-receptors of the heart (beta1 receptors). This drug relaxes smooth muscle and inhibits uterine contractions, but may also cause some cardiostimulatory effects and CNS stimulation.

MECHANISM OF ACTION  :

The pharmacologic effects of terbutaline are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta-adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic- 3',5'- adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP). Increased c-AMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.

PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTY  :
Absoption: Approximately 30-50% if administered orally and well absorbed subcutaneously.

Route of elimination:About 90% of the drug was excreted in the urine at 96 hours after subcutaneous administration, with about 60% of this being unchanged drug. It appears that the sulfate conjugate is a major metabolite of terbutaline and urinary excretion is the primary route of elimination

Half life  :             5.5-5.9 hours
Clearance:           311 +/- 112 mL/min
             
Terbutaline Sulfate: Oral LD50(rat) = 8.7 g/kg; Oral LD50(mouse) = 205 mg/kg; Oral LD50(dog) = 1.5 g/kg; IP LD50(rat)= 220 mg/kg ; IP LD50(mouse) = 130 mg/kg; Oral LD50(rabbit) = >8 g/kg; IV LD50(mouse) = 36 mg/kg; IV LD50(dog) = 116 mg/kg; IV LD50(rabbit) = 110 mg/kg
Affected organisms:  Humans and other mammals

DRUG –DRUG INTERACTION:

Acebutolol + Terbutaline :           
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acebutolol is combined with Terbutaline.
Acetaminophen + terbutaline :
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Terbutaline is combined with Acetaminophen.
Acetylsalicylic acid + terbutaline
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Terbutaline is combined with Acetylsalicylic acid.
Aminophylline + terbutaline :
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Terbutaline is combined with Aminophylline.
Amitriptyline + terbutaline :
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amitriptyline is combined with Terbutaline.
Amphetamine + terbutaline:
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Terbutaline is combined with Amphetamine.

THERAPEUTIC USES :
Terbutaline is used to treat wheezing and shortness of breath from lung problems (e.g., asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis and emphysema). Controlling these symptoms can decrease time lost from work or school. Terbutaline is a bronchodilator (beta-2 receptor agonist) that works by opening breathing passages to make breathing easier.

SIDE EFFECTS :
Nervousness
Restlessness
Panic
Insomnia

REFERENCE:-Tripathi K D"Essential of medical pharmacology",7th edition ,page no.133,223




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