Naltrexone
The blockade of opioid receptors is the basis
behind naltrexone's action in the management of opioid dependence—it reversibly
blocks or attenuates the effects of opioids. Its mechanism of action in alcohol
dependence is not fully understood, but as an opioid receptor antagonist is
likely to be due to the modulation of the dopaminergic mesolimbic pathway
(one of the primary centers for risk-reward analysis in the brain, and a
tertiary "pleasure center") which is hypothesized to be a major
center of the reward associated with addiction that all major drugs of abuse
are believed to activate. Mechanism of action may be antagonism to
endogenous opioids such as tetrahydropapaveroline, whose production is
augmented in the presence of alcohol.
Reference
Tripathi K.D.,” Essentials of Medical Pharmacology”, Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD, New Delhi, Seventh Edition, Pg No. 483-84
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